BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPACE FRAME SYSTEMS AND OTHER STEEL STRUCTURES DURING EARTHQUAKES
In structural engineering, earthquake effects are among the most critical design criteria, especially in regions like our country that are located on active fault lines. Various load-bearing systems are used in the design of earthquake-resistant structures. Among these, traditional steel systems such as moment-resisting frames, braced frames, and trusses are common, while space frame systems are particularly preferred in structures with large spans. This study discusses the earthquake behavior of space frame systems, their comparison with other systems, and the related work conducted by the company ALTINYALDIZ.
A space frame system is composed of three-dimensional load-bearing elements made of rods that are connected at nodes and can distribute loads in all directions. Constructed using steel profiles, these systems are preferred in large-span structures such as roofing systems, exhibition halls, sports complexes, and airport terminals. In the early 1970s, our founder, Civil Engineer İbrahim Atilla ALTINYALDIZ, began implementing space frame projects, and since then, ALTINYALDIZ Space Frame Constructions has constructed hundreds of thousands of square meters using this system over the course of more than 50 years.
(Space Frame Module)
Compared to other steel systems, space frames distribute the loads they carry in a three-dimensional manner, which results in more efficient load transfer and significantly reduces damage rates. Thanks to the structure of space frame modules, horizontal or vertical loads are not transferred in a single plane but are distributed throughout the module, increasing the stability of the structure. Additionally, through geometric arrangements, high rigidity can be achieved even with low material consumption. This helps limit building sway during earthquakes. As the load is distributed to more elements than in other steel systems, the stress on each steel member is significantly lower, which helps prevent localized damage. Of course, during the construction of a space frame, node connections and the types of pipes used must be selected with care. Due to the complexity of the system, incorrect pipe or sphere selections may pose significant risks during an earthquake. At ALTINYALDIZ, our warranty period and references demonstrate our reliability in space frame construction. Moreover, space frames offer a practical solution for building emergency shelters after earthquakes. Their fabrication and installation take an average of 70–80 days for 1000 square meters, making them highly accessible. Depending on the shape of the structure to be built (Flat, Dome, Vault, Asymmetric), this duration can be slightly shortened or extended by the ALTINYALDIZ manufacturing and assembly team.
(Sabahiya Park Pyramid)
In conclusion, using space frame constructions, especially for large-scale structures in our country and around the world, allows for more balanced distribution of seismic forces during an earthquake. This enables both the structure and its occupants to endure the event with minimal damage. Additionally, the lightness of the system and the aesthetic value it adds through design make space frames even more appealing. As the ALTINYALDIZ team, we take pride in offering services from the design to the manufacturing and assembly of space frame constructions.
(Ruwais & Habshan Sulfur Terminals)
Hamza Kürşat POLAT
